1. Explain the concept of concurrency in operating systems.
2. What are the differences between user-level and kernel-level scheduling?
3. Discuss various process synchronization techniques.
4. What is a semaphore, and how does it work?
5. Explain the difference between binary and counting semaphores.
6. What is a mutex, and how does it differ from a semaphore?
7. Describe the producer-consumer problem and its solutions.
8. What is a deadlock, and what are its necessary conditions?
9. Explain deadlock detection and recovery mechanisms.
10. What is resource allocation graph, and how is it used in deadlock detection?
11. Discuss the difference between preemptive and non-preemptive scheduling.
12. What is round-robin scheduling, and how does it work?
13. Explain priority scheduling and its potential issues.
14. What are multi-level feedback queues, and how do they function?
15. Describe the concept of aging in process scheduling.
16. What is the difference between logical and physical address space?
17. Explain the concept of paging and page replacement algorithms.
18. What are page faults, and how does the OS handle them?
19. Discuss the FIFO page replacement algorithm.
20. Explain the LRU (Least Recently Used) page replacement algorithm.
21. What is thrashing, and how can it be avoided?
22. Explain the concept of segmentation in memory management.
23. What are the advantages of segmentation over paging?
24. Describe the role of the Memory Management Unit (MMU).
25. What is virtual memory, and how does it enhance system performance?
26. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of virtual memory.
27. What is the difference between static and dynamic linking?
28. Explain the role of the linker in operating systems.
29. What is a process control block (PCB), and what information does it contain?
30. How does the OS manage process states and transitions?
31. Explain the concept of a context switch and its performance impact.
32. What is the role of system calls in operating systems?
33. Discuss how interrupts are handled by the operating system.
34. What is the difference between hardware interrupts and software interrupts?
35. Explain the concept of a system call interface.
36. What are threads, and how do they differ from processes?
37. Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of multithreading.
38. Explain thread synchronization mechanisms (e.g., locks, condition variables).
39. What is the difference between user threads and kernel threads?
40. Describe the concept of thread pools.