1. Explain the difference between static and non-static methods in a class.
2. What are the advantages of using abstract classes over interfaces?
3. Describe the concept of "interface inheritance."
4. How do constructors differ when using inheritance?
5. What is "method overloading" and how is it implemented in OOP?
6. Explain the concept of "protected" access modifier and its usage.
7. What is the role of "composition" in achieving code reuse?
8. Describe the significance of the "super" keyword in inheritance.
9. How do virtual and non-virtual functions differ in terms of behavior?
10. What is the purpose of a copy assignment operator in C++?
11. How can you achieve multiple inheritance in languages that do not support it?
12. Explain the concept of "diamond problem" in multiple inheritance.
13. What is the significance of using "final" classes or methods in OOP?
14. How does encapsulation affect class design?
15. What are the differences between shallow copy and deep copy?
16. Describe the concept of "lazy initialization" in object creation.
17. What is the role of interfaces in achieving loose coupling?
18. How do you implement a singleton pattern, and what are its use cases?
19. Explain the difference between runtime and compile-time polymorphism.
20. What is the significance of "object slicing" in C++?
21. Describe the "Strategy" design pattern and its applications.
22. What is the "Decorator" design pattern, and how does it work?
23. How can you implement method overriding in derived classes?
24. Explain the concept of "member initialization list" in C++ constructors.
25. What is the role of exception handling in OOP?
26. How can you use "friend" classes and functions in C++?
27. Describe the differences between class and struct in C++.
28. What is a "template" in C++, and how is it used?
29. Explain the concept of "polymorphic behavior" in OOP.
30. What are "design by contract" principles?
31. How do you implement the Observer pattern in a real-world application?
32. Explain the concept of "callback functions" in OOP.
33. What is a "mixin," and how does it differ from inheritance?
34. How do you achieve encapsulation using access modifiers?
35. What is the significance of the "volatile" keyword in OOP?
36. Explain the concept of "cohesion" and "coupling" in software design.
37. What is an "event-driven architecture" in OOP?
38. How do you create and manage a class hierarchy?
39. Describe the use of "dynamic_cast" in C++ and its purpose.
40. What is the difference between "stack" and "heap" memory allocation?